Esmeraldas was discovered by Bartolomé Ruiz on September 21, 1526 and proclaimed its independence on August 5, 1820. It belonged for more than three centuries to the so-called Government of Quito. In the 16th century Esmeraldas was a temptation for the Spaniards, for the emerald stones. In the early years of the colony, the rule of the Spanish government in this region was impossible, because of the resistance of the black population settled there under the command of Sebastian de Illescas. Only an evangelizing process initiated by the Mercedarian order could subject the black community to the Spanish government, but when the settlement of the colony was already evident.
Esmeraldas had the category of province during the Colony, the King of Spain granted it for two generations to Don Pedro Vicente Maldonado. When the Gran Colombia was constituted, the political category fell, according to the Law of the Political Division of the Gran Colombia of July 25, 1824, assigning it the canton category of Quito, in 1839, it became part of the province of Imbabura , later in the year of 1843 he was reinstated as a canton of the province of Pichincha. It appears as Province of Esmeraldas in the Territorial Division Law of the Republic of Ecuador of May 29, 1861 and was integrated by the Canton Esmeraldas and the Esmeraldas, Atacames, Rioverde, La Tola, San Francisco and Concepción parishes.
Limits
- North: Colombia
- South: Manabí and Pichincha
- East: Carchi and Imbabura
- West: Pacific Ocean
It is divided into 7 cantons:
- Atacames - Atacames
- Muisne - Muisne
- Esmeraldas - Esmeraldas
- Quininde - Quininde
- The Concord - La Concordia
- Green River - Green River
- Eloy Alfaro - Eloy Alfaro
- San Lorenzo - San Lorenzo
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